Gallbladder cancer

What is gallbladder cancer? 

Gallbladder cancer is a rare but serious type of cancer that originates in the gallbladder, a small organ located beneath the liver. The gallbladder stores bile, a fluid produced by the liver that helps digest fats. Gallbladder cancer can often go unnoticed in its early stages because symptoms may not appear until the disease is more advanced. However, early detection improves the chances of successful treatment. 

Symptoms of gallbladder cancer 

Gallbladder cancer may present with the following symptoms: 

  • Abdominal pain: Especially in the upper right area of the abdomen. 
  • Nausea and vomiting: These symptoms may accompany other digestive issues. 
  • Jaundice: Yellowing of the skin and eyes, which may indicate a blockage in the bile duct. 
  • Unexplained weight loss: A common sign of many cancers, including gallbladder cancer. 
  • Loss of appetite: Reduced interest in food and eating. 
  • Fever: Occasional symptom in more advanced cases. 

These symptoms can also be linked to other conditions, such as gallstones or infections. Therefore, if you experience any of these signs, it is essential to seek medical attention for an accurate diagnosis. 

Risk factors for gallbladder cancer 

Several factors may increase the risk of developing gallbladder cancer: 

  • Gallstones: The most common risk factor, gallstones are linked to chronic inflammation of the gallbladder, which can lead to cancer. 
  • Age: Gallbladder cancer is more common in people over 65 years of age. 
  • Gender: Women are more likely to develop gallbladder cancer than men. 
  • Obesity: Being overweight increases the risk of gallstones and gallbladder cancer. 
  • Family history: Having a family history of gallbladder cancer increases the likelihood of developing it. 
  • Chronic gallbladder inflammation: Conditions such as primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) may increase the risk of gallbladder cancer. 

Diagnosing gallbladder cancer 

Early diagnosis is key to improving outcomes for gallbladder cancer. Various diagnostic methods may be used to confirm the presence of gallbladder cancer, including: 

  • Ultrasound: A non-invasive imaging test often used to examine the gallbladder for abnormal growths. 
  • CT scan: Provides detailed cross-sectional images of the gallbladder and nearby organs. 
  • MRI: Used to assess whether the cancer has spread to surrounding tissues and organs. 
  • Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP): A procedure that allows doctors to examine the bile ducts and gallbladder for blockages or abnormalities. 
  • Biopsy: In cases where a suspicious mass is detected, a tissue sample may be taken for analysis to confirm whether cancer is present. 

Treatment options for gallbladder cancer 

Treatment for gallbladder cancer depends on the stage of the disease and whether the cancer has spread to other areas. Options for treatment may include: 

  • Surgery 
    • Cholecystectomy: The most common procedure for gallbladder cancer involves removing the gallbladder. If the cancer has spread, more extensive surgery may be required, such as removing parts of the liver and nearby bile ducts. 
    • Liver resection: In some cases, surgery may involve removing a portion of the liver if the cancer has spread to this organ. 
  • Radiotherapy 
    • External beam radiation therapy: This treatment uses high-energy rays to destroy cancer cells and may be used after surgery to kill any remaining cancer cells. 
  • Chemotherapy 
    • Chemotherapy involves the use of drugs to kill cancer cells throughout the body. It may be used in conjunction with surgery or radiation to enhance the effectiveness of treatment. 
  • Palliative care 
    • In advanced cases where surgery is not possible, palliative treatments are available to help manage symptoms and improve the patient’s quality of life. 

Why choose Birmingham Liver Clinic? 

At Birmingham Liver Clinic, we offer comprehensive and personalised care for gallbladder cancer patients. Our highly skilled multidisciplinary team works together to develop tailored treatment plans based on each patient’s specific needs. From advanced diagnostics to state-of-the-art treatments, we provide the best possible outcomes for our patients. 

Contact us 

If you are experiencing symptoms of gallbladder cancer or need further evaluation, contact Birmingham Liver Clinic today to schedule a consultation. Our team of experts is here to support you through every step of your care. 

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